Повноваження й компетенція центральних органів виконавчої влади з питань екології та природних ресурсів

Abstract

У статті аналізується нормативно-правовий матеріал, яким регламентовані повноваження та компетенція посадових і службових осіб центральних органів виконавчої влади у сфері захисту об’єктів довкілля.

The article analyzes the legal material regulating the powers and jurisdiction of officers and employees of central authorities in the protection of environmental objects. The author investigated the following powers of the central executive authority on environment and natural resources: state control over the use and protection of the environmental objects, issuance of permits for disposal of waste, emissions of harmful substances into the environment, providing information on the environment. It is proved that an integral part of the rule of law is determination of duties of officers and employees and their responsibility for improper performance or failure to perform duties by constitutional regulations. In the absence of such, the rules proclaiming constitutional guarantees are declarative in nature, and can not promote the development of democracy and the rule of law, implementation of the declared constitutional guarantees. It is proposed to adopt a new law “On Environmental Protection”, which would specify the organization and activities of the central authorities in the field of environmental protection; the main goal should be to prevent damage to the environmental objects; clearly specify the duties and responsibilities of officers and employees of central authorities and State Departments of Environment and the State Environmental Inspectorate. Duties can be considered in two main ways: in terms of the principle of legality, i.e. interrelation of law management apparatus and in respect to the principle of responsibility, according to which the administration in case of causing damage, especially because of guilt or omissions in service obligation, repair the damage. These two principles can be supplemented by the third – the principle of jurisdictional control, which, despite being derivative, essentially complements the first two. This is determined by the fact that the effectiveness of moral demands is better ensured if inappropriate quality of the duties entails penalties. Both principles of legitimacy and accountability belong to the sphere of duties. We could restrict a simple declaration that the administration is obliged to comply with the law and perform their duties, but such a system would be ineffective if the observance of these principles is not guarded by judicial intervention, based on different types of jurisdictional control. Legality consists of a set of obligations, permissions and prohibitions. As a mandatory element of this design in case of damage (moral and material) – it should be recovered by guilty person.

В статье анализируется нормативно-правовой материал, которым регламентируются полномочия и компетенция должностных и служебных лиц центральных органов исполнительной власти в сфере защиты объектов окружающей среды.